纳米刀治疗肿瘤的基础研究
王越1, 2, 3，任冯刚1, 2 , 3 ，王浩华1, 2，吴荣谦1, 2，吕毅1, 2, 3
（1.西安交通大学先进外科技术与工程研究所；2.陕西省再生医学与外科工程研究中心； 3.西安交通大学第一附属医院肝胆外科，陕西 西安，710061）
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摘要：
<正>纳米刀（Nanoknife）技术于2012年经美国FDA批准进入临床肿瘤治疗领域，我国于2015年开始将该技术应用于临床。该技术利用陡脉冲高压电场（100 kV/cm级）对肿瘤进行电消融[1]。其原理是陡脉冲电场作用在细胞周围时，细胞膜表面形成纳米级别的缺损或孔洞使细胞膜通透性增加，该现象称为“电穿孔（electroporation）”；当陡脉冲电场增强时细胞膜 通透性会发生持续增加，最终导致细胞裂解，该现象称为“不可逆电穿孔（irreversible electroporation）”[2]。该技术的最大特点是高压电场破坏细胞的同时并不产生热量，并且对缺乏细胞成分的脉管组织基本无损伤，故近年来其作为一种新兴的肿瘤治疗手段被广泛研究。本文就纳米刀治疗肿瘤的相关基础研究热点问题进行述评。
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中图分类号：R735.7文献标志码：A文章编号：2096-1413(2017)07-0001-02
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