儿科特需病房静脉血标本的质量分析及管理对策

任小瑜1，庞雅桢2*

（1.西安市儿童医院，陕西 西安，710003；2.西安市中心医院医务科，陕西 西安，710003）

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摘要：

目的 通过对儿科特需病房不合格血标本进行质量分析，制定并采取相应的管理对策，减少不合格血标本的发生，提高 静脉血标本质量及患儿家长的满意度。方法 收集2015 年3 月至2015 年5 月561 例患儿的3 346 份静脉血标本，统计分析 血标本不合格率发生的原因，采取相应的管理措施后，统计2016 年3 月至2016 年5 月558 例患儿的3 278 份静脉血标本。对比管理措施实施的效果。结果 与2015 年3 月至5 月的血标本不合格率（0.96%）比较，2016 年3 月至5 月的血标本不合格 率（0.34%）明显降低（P《》0.05）。结论 对护理人员进行相关内容培训及考核，是降低静脉采血标本不合格率的最基本要求；规 范操作流程，严格执行查对制度，每个标本双人核查一次，做一次标记，使查对制度落到实处，是降低静脉采血标本不合格率 的关键一步；护士长及科室质控人员对血标本的质量监控，是降低血标本不合格率、提高护理质量、避免再次抽取血标本时 对患儿造成的痛苦，增加家长对护理工作信任度的有力保障。

关键词：儿科特需病房；护理管理；血标本

中图分类号：R47 文献标志码：A文章编号：2096-1413(2018)02-0140-03

Quality analysis and management counter measures of the venous blood samples in pediatric special-needed hospital ward
REN Xiao-yu 1, PANG Ya-zhen 2 *
(1. Xi``an Children``s Hospital, Xi``an 710003; 2. Medical Department, Xi``an Central Hospital, Xi``an 710003, China)

ABSTRACT: Objective Through the quality analysis of unqualified blood samples of special -needed hospital ward, to develop and adopt appropriate management strategies, so as to reduce the incidence of unqualified blood samples and improve the quality of venous blood samples and the satisfaction of children``s parents. Methods A total of 3 346 venous blood samples were collected from 561 children from March 2015 to May 2015, the blood sample failure rate and the reasons were statistically analyzed, then appropriate prevention measures were developed and taken, 3 278 samples from 558 children from March 2016 to May 2016 were again collected, the effect of management measures was analyzed. Results Compared with the blood sample failure rate of 0.96% from March 2015 to May 2015, the blood sample failure rate (0.34%) from March 2016 to May 2016 decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion Related training and assessment in nursing staff are the most basic requirements of reducing venous blood samples failed rate; standardizing the operation process, strictly implementing the check system, double check for each specimen and making a mark, ensuring the system implemented is a critical step to reduce the rate of failure of venous blood samples; nursing staff and quality control staff focusing on the quality control of the blood samples this key nursing session are the strong protection on reducing the rate of failure of blood samples, improving the quality of care and avoiding the increasing pain of the children when taking blood samples again, and increasing the confidence of parents in nursing work.
KEYWORDS: pediatric special-needed hospital ward; nursing management; blood sample

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