妊娠期增重过度与产科并发症的相关性分析

张红娟

（宝鸡市陈仓医院妇产科，陕西 宝鸡，721300）

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摘要：

目的 研究妊娠期增重过度与产科并发症的关系。方法 回顾性分析在我院分娩的456例产妇的临床资料，计算孕前BMI值与孕期体质指数增长值（ BMI），根据 BMI 将456例产妇分为A（ BMI<4.00）、B（ BMI 为4.00～6.00）、C（ BMI>6.00）三 组，分别比较各组间妊娠并发症与BMI值的关系。结果 C组妊娠期高血压、妊娠期糖尿病（糖耐量异常）及剖宫产、切口脂肪液化发生率显著高于A、B组，顺产率显著低于A、B组（P<0.05）；A组妊娠期高血压、妊娠期糖尿病（糖耐量异 常）及剖宫产发生率显著低于B组，顺产率明显高于B 组（P<0.05）。三组早产儿发生率比较，无明显差异（P>0.05）；C组巨大儿、新生儿窒息发生率显著高于A、B组，B组巨大儿发生率显著高于A组，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 孕期增重过度可增加妊娠期高血压、妊娠期糖尿病、切口脂肪液化、巨大儿、新生儿窒息等妊娠不良结局的风险，提示孕期应适当控制体重。

关键词：妊娠期；增重过度；妊娠期糖尿病；妊娠期高血压

中图分类号：R715.3文献标志码：A文章编号：2096-1413(2017)18-0136-02

Correlation analysis of excessive weight gain during pregnancy and obstetric complications
ZHANG Hong-juan
(Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chencang Hospital of Baoji, Baoji 721300, China)

ABSTRACT: Objective To study the correlation of excessive weight gain during pregnancy and obstetric complications. Methods The clinical data of 456 pregnant women who had delivery in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed, the BMI before childbirth and pregnancy body mass index growth delta ( BMI) were calculated. All the pregnant women were divided into group A ( BMI<4.00), group B ( BMI 4.00-6.00) and group C ( BMI>6.00). The correlation of pregnancy complications and BMI between the three groups were compared. Results The incidence rate of gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus (damaged glu-cose tolerance), cesarean section and fat liquefaction of incision in the group C were higher than those in the group A and group B, and the spontaneous delivery rate of the group C was lower than that of the group A and group B (P<0.05). The incidence rate of gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus (damaged glu-cose tolerance) and cesarean section rate of the group A were lower than those of the group B, and the spontaneous delivery rate was higher than that of the group B (P<0.05). There was no significant difference on premature infant rate between the three groups (P>0.05). The incidence rates of macrosomia and asphyxia neonatorum of the group C were higher than those of the group A and group B, and the incidence rates of macrosomia of the group B was higher than that of the group A (P <0.05). Conclusion Excessive weight gain during pregnancy can increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, fat liquefaction of incision, macrosomia and asphyxia neonatorum, which showed that control weight in pregnancy is necessary.
KEYWORDS: pregnancy; excessive weight gain; gestational diabetes; gestational hypertension

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