经额长轴血肿穿刺引流术治疗高血压基底节区脑出血的疗效分析

胡小哲1，毛加顺1，白宗旭1 ，王樑2，高国栋2

（1. 镇安县中医院神经外科，陕西 商洛，711500；2. 第四军医大学唐都医院神经外科，陕西 西安，710038）

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摘要：

目的 探讨经额长轴血肿穿刺引流术治疗高血压基底节区脑出血的疗效。方法 将2016年1月至2016年12月在我院神经外科治疗的120例高血压基底节区脑出血患者随机分为对照组和观察组，各60例。对照组患者采用颞部穿刺血肿引流术，观察组患者采用经额长轴血肿穿刺引流术，比较两组患者的血肿清除率、血肿残存体积和并发症总发生率。结果 观察组患者术后24 h 血肿清除率为（82.3±15.3）%，显著高于对照组的（70.4±16.5）%（P<0.05）；观察组术后3 d、术后 14 d血肿残存体积明显低于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组术后肺部感染、多器官功能衰竭、再出血等并发症总发生率明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 经额长轴血肿穿刺引流术治疗高血压基底节区脑出血，疗效确切，创伤小，血肿清除率高，利于患者缺损神经功能的早期康复。

关键词：高血压基底节区脑出血；经额长轴血肿穿刺引流术；血肿清除

中图分类号：R651.12文献标志码：A文章编号：2096-1413(2017)19-0063-02

Curative effect analysis of intracranial hematoma puncture and drainage on hypertensive basal ganglia hemorrhage
HU Xiao-zhe 1, MAO Jia-shun 1, BAI Zong-xu 1, WANG Liang 2, GAO Guo-dong 2
(1. Department of Neurosurgery, Zhen``an Hospital of TCM, Shangluo 711500; 2. Department of Neurosurgery,
Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi``an 710038, China)

ABSTRACT: Objective To investigate the effect of intracranial hematoma puncture and drainage on hypertensive basal ganglia hemorrhage. Methods One hundred and twenty cases of patients with hypertensive basal ganglia hemorrhage treated in department of neurosurgery of our hospital from January 2016 to December 2016 were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 60 cases in each group. The control group used temporal puncture hematoma drainage, while the observation group adopted intracranial hematoma puncture and drainage. The hematoma clearance rate, residual hematoma volume, and incidence rate of complications between the two groups were compared. Results In the observation group, postoperative 24 h hematoma clearance rate was (82.3±15.3) %, which was significantly higher than (70.4±16.5) % in the control group (P<0.05); the postoperative 3 d, 14 d residual hematoma volumes were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05); the total incidence rates of complications as pulmonary infection, multiple organ failure and bleeding were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The effect of intracranial hematoma puncture and drainage in the treatment of hypertensive basal ganglia hemorrhage is exact, with small trauma and high hematoma clearance rate, which is conducive to the early rehabilitation of defective nerve function.
KEYWORDS: hypertensive basal ganglia hemorrhage; intracranial hematoma puncture and drainage; hematoma clearance

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