小儿呼吸道传染病特点及其预防探究

徐峰，杨慧

（安康市中医院，陕西安康，725000）

浏览次数：84次 下载次数：276次

摘要：

目的 对小儿呼吸道传染病特点进行探究，并提出有效的预防及控制方法。方法 选取2014年2月至2015年12月我市疾控中心接收的呼吸道传染疾病患儿200例作为本次研究的对象。患儿年龄为1~5岁，平均年龄为(3.0±0.5)岁，其中男性患儿110例，女性患儿90例。对200例患儿的基本临床资料进行观察和统计，并总结患儿的临床特点。结果 200例小儿患者中，呼吸道疾病的发病类型主要为流行性感冒和肺结核，冬春季节发病率最高(P<0.05);患儿性别差异不存在统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 该地区小儿呼吸道传染疾病多发生在冬春季节，以流行性感冒和肺结核居多，应及时对其进行综合预防和有效控制。一旦发现疫情应尽早诊断，尽早控制，将传染疾病控制在萌芽状态，同时建立科学合理的隔离机制并严格遵循，以此来对患儿病情进行更加有效地控制。

关键词：小儿呼吸道传染疾病；预防；流行病学特点

中图分类号：R725.6文献标志码：A文章编号：2096-1413(2017)06-0131-02

Characteristics and prevention measures of pediatric respiratory infectious disease

XU Feng, YANG Hui

(Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Ankang, Ankang 725000, China)

ABSTRACT: Objective To explore the characteristics of pediatric respiratory infectious diseases, and put forward effective prevention and control methods. Methods Two hundred cases of children with respiratory infectious disease admitted in our city from December 2014 to December 2015 were selected as the research objects. The children' age was 1~5 years old,and the average age was (3.0±0.5), with 110 cases male and 90 cases female. The clinical data of the 200 cases of children were observed and analyzed, and the clinical characteristics of children were summarized. Results In the 200 cases of pediatric patients, the most types of respiratory disease were mainly influenza and tuberculosis, and the incidence rate in the winter and spring were the highest, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05), and the difference of gender in children was not significant (P>0.05). Conclusion In this regional, pediatric respiratory infections mostly occurs in winter and spring, and mainly influenza and tuberculosis, we should promptly carry on the comprehensive prevention and control measures as soon as possible to control the disease, and make the isolation mechanism to prevent the progression of disease.

KEYWORDS: children with respiratory tract infections; prevention; epidemiological characteristics

参考文献：

[1] 李芹.急性呼吸道传染病的特点以及防治要点分析[J].中国卫生产业,2013,10(10):1301-1302.

[2] 田生科.呼吸道传染病的特点及预防与控制[J].中国社区医师:医学专业,2012,14(34):1113-1115.

[3] 彭玉发.急性呼吸道传染病的特点及其防治原则[J].中国农村医学,1982(1):1036-1037.

[4] 华春彬.浅谈呼吸道传染病的特点及预防与控制[J].医学动物防制,2012,28(8):333-335.

[5] 王玫,王梅,张晓梅,等.从学校流感爆发谈呼吸道传染病的预防控制[J].中国校医,2011,23(6):659-660.