小儿喉内嵌顿性异物60 例急救分析

殷志华

（重庆医科大学附属儿童医院急诊，重庆，400014）

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摘要：

目的 分析小儿喉内嵌顿性异物的临床表现，为今后的急救治疗做理论基础。方法 选取我院2012—2016 年收治的小 儿喉内嵌顿性异物患儿60 例作为研究对象，根据患儿喉内嵌顿的类型，选择合适的麻醉方式和手术方式进行急救，通常采 用的手术方案有直接喉镜检手术和气管切开手术，分析小儿喉内嵌顿性异物的患儿急救措施及效果。结果 60 例患儿中，出 现II 度呼吸困难患儿有23 例，III 度呼吸困难患儿有22 例，IV 度呼吸困难患儿有12 例，窒息死亡患儿有3 例。异物包括有 石榴籽12 例，花生米22 例，图钉1 例，塑料玩具碎片有3 例，果冻有12 例，猪骨有10 例。采用直接喉镜检手术的有37 例，采用气管切开手术的有23 例。60 例患儿有57 例患儿成功取出异物，有3 例患儿抢救无效、死亡，患儿的治疗有效率为 95.0%。结论 小儿喉内嵌顿性异物疾病属于临床急症，常发生与2 岁以内的患儿，但若抢救不及时死亡率非常高。因此，小儿 喉内嵌顿性异物的急救在临床上的价值非常高，需要根据患儿的实际情况选择合适的手术进行抢救，从而保证患儿的生命 安全。如果患儿的病情允许的情况下，可以进行全身麻醉，避免患儿挣扎造成患儿缺氧。

关键词：小儿；喉内嵌顿性异物；急救方式

中图分类号：R767文献标志码：A文章编号：2096-1413(2018)02-0052-02

Analysis of 60 cases of throat incarcerated foreign body in children


YIN Zhi-hua
(Children``s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China)

ABSTRACT: Objective To analyze the clinical manifestations of throat incar cerated foreign body in children, and provide theory basis for the emergency treatment in future. Methods From 2012 to 2016, 60 cases of throat incarcerated foreign body in children were selected as the research objects, and all the children were given the appropriate anesthesia and surgical methods for emergency treatment according to the types of incarcerated foreign body in children, and the common surgical options were the direct laryngoscopy and tracheotomy surgery, the emergency measures and results of throat incarcerated foreign body were analyzed. Results Of the 60 children, there were 23 children with grade II dyspnea, 22 children with grade III dyspnea, 12 children with grade IV dyspnea and 3 children with suffocation. The foreign bodies included 12 cases of pomegranate seeds, 22 cases of peanuts, 1 case of thumb tacks, 3 cases of plastic toy pieces, 12 cases of jelly and 10 cases of pig bones. Thirty -seven children underwent direct laryngectomy and 23 children underwent tracheotomy. Of the 60 children, 57 children were successfully removed foreign bodies, 3 cases were ineffective and died, the effective rate was 95.0% . Conclusion Children with throat incarcerated foreign body disease belong to clinical emergency, which occured in children within 2 years of age, but if the rescue is not in time, the mortality rate is very high. Therefore, the first emergency in throat incarcerated foreign body disease has very high in the clinic, and need to choose the appropriate surgical rescue according to the actual situation of children, so as to ensure the safety of children``s lives. If the children condition allow, general anesthesia can be used to prevent children struggling caused by hypoxia.
KEYWORDS: children; throat incarcerated foreign body; emergency methods

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